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***斯里蘭卡旅遊簡介****


正式國名 斯里蘭卡民主社會主義共和國「Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka


首都 可倫坡(Colombo)


地理位置


     從空中往下看斯里蘭卡,綠色的島嶼浮在藍色的印度洋上,彷彿一顆水滴垂掛在印度南方,全國總面積6.56平方公里,約台灣面積的2倍,總面積中山地佔百分之二十五,森林佔百分之四十四,這裡沒有火山,由於氣候條件良好,植物種類非常豐富,盛產許多經濟產物。


面積


     東西寬約183km,南北長約353km,總面積約66,000平方公里,相當於愛爾蘭的面積大或台灣的1.8倍大。境內原有70%的森林,但是經過長期砍伐,目前約剩56%


氣候


     斯里蘭卡雖位於熱帶,接近赤道,但因有海水的調節,氣候還算適宜,地勢較高的地區,受風的影響,天氣涼爽。一年有兩次季風期:雅位雨季(Yala)是五月到八月,瑪哈雨季(Maha)從十月到隔年一月;夏季自3月開始,6月氣溫最高,11月到隔年1月氣溫最低。


社會


      總人口一千七百二十萬人,69%的人口信奉佛教,因此佛教徒在國內有很大的勢力,15%的人口信奉印度教,8%的人口信奉基督教,8%的人口信奉回教,受教育的程度高達90%以上。


歷史


 斯里蘭卡本國人稱自已的國家為蘭卡,意思為「輝煌之島」,中國和斯里蘭兩國曾有密切的經濟、文化和宗教的往來,在中國晉朝時斯里蘭卡稱為「獅子國」,當時高僧法顯到印度取經曾於公元412年到斯里蘭卡。


種族


      其人種非常複雜,約有70種民族,其中最主要的2個民族為僧迦羅族與泰米民族。


經濟


      早期主要的輸出是茶葉,橡膠及椰子;近年來紡織品,成衣及觀光事業亦成為國家主要財源;國民年平均收入約美金500元。





時差  台灣時間慢二小時半


幣值  1USD94.78RUPEE(盧比),以RS表示。


用水  不可生飲自來水,購買礦泉水時注意水瓶口的封口。


採購


     面具,斯里蘭卡所產的面具,深受歐美人喜歡,色彩豔麗,表情誇張生動,其功能可入分為3種一KOLAM一般鄉間舞者所戴,SANNI驅邪時使用,RAKSHA重要慶典上。




BATIK-蠟染印花布,據說蠟染印花布原始於斯里蘭卡中部的KANDY,後來被巴里島「發揚光大」,但此地所產的BATIK,依然是有其特色,價鈛較合理。


皮件,便宜而質料好;另外此地是寶石,舉世聞名,還有用椰子纖維所編織的各種產品,令人愛不釋手。


穿著


     易洗易乾輕便棉質衣服、寬邊帽、太陽眼鏡及舒適的休閒鞋。另前往山區需準備長袖、套衫或禦寒衣服。


     參觀寺廟時,凡通常是需要脫鞋(最好穿涼鞋);女生不能穿短褲及無袖上衣,男生如果穿短褲則最好是過膝蓋。



 
A trip to Sri Lanka (January 28 to February 4, 2006)

Sri Lanka (or used to call Ceylon ) is 65,500 square km., about 1.8 times of Taiwan with 19 million population with 70% of Buddhism, followed by Hinduism. Annual GNP per capita is about US$870 per person.  There is no heavy industry, industries are mainly processing of rubber, tea, coconuts and other agricultural products, clothing, textile and tobacco.  Today, Sri Lanka is the world’s second largest tea exporter.  Sri Lanka is located at tropical area, even in winter the temperature is still hot and about 30 degrees.  The language is Sinhala and Tamil, but simple English is widely spoken through out the island with the exception of remote villages.


The history of Sri Lanka can be traced back to 5 century BC, in China Gin dynasty, Sri Lank was call “the Lion’s country”.  Sri Lanka was an isolate island and people were immigrated from north India.  Ming dynasty Cheng-Ho arrived Ceylon, Marco Polo arrived in 13 century. In 1505, the Portuguese landed and occupied the island’s coastal regions for 153 years from 1505 to 1658; followed by another European power, Dutch took control over the coastal areas of the island for 140 years from 1658 to 1796.  British ruled the whole island for 152 years and in 1802 Sri Lanka became a Crown Colony and English became the official language.  By 1948, Sri Lanka became an independent country and a member of the British Commonwealth.


People of Sri Lanka call their country Lanka, Lanka means “glorious island” in their language.  There are 7 world heritages sites and we traveled 5 of them.  The first three days we started from the north ancient capital city Anuradhapur (built in 5 BC) – a world culture heritage site, the second ancient city the medieval capital of Polonnaruwa (10 AD), to the center the Sigiriya rock fortress (5 AD), the cave temples of Dambulla (1 BC), and royal city of Kandy (15 AD) – the second largest city in Sri Lanka with 3 million population now.  The next two days we went to Ceylon tea plantation mountain area Nuwara Eliya as well as Ahungalla – a golden sun resort at southern coast area.  Last day shopping at Colombo – the capital city with 4 million population.


My general impression of Sri Lanka are


Sri Lanka is basically an agricultural country with limited industries.  A typical developing country (GNP per capita less than US$1,000 a year) and is still very much in the process of further improvement.


Sri Lanka is a Buddha country, very religious.  While most of the people are too religious and spend too much time on their religion activities, some time it is not good for the economic construction and economic development.


l Sri Lanka is also a socialist democratic country, all medical care, education, … are funded by the government.


l The road condition in the rural area is very poor and it takes a lot of time on the road for not a long distance.  It will save some time if take small touring bus instead of large bus (the road can not accommodate two large buses from both sides).


l  The hotels for international tourists are O.K. (local 5 stars hotel is about equivalent to 3 or 4 stars in our standard).  The food is about average and often time we are not used to the local food and without too much choice. It probably is not very comfortable for traveling if your expectation for a relax and enjoyable overseas holiday.


l However, the people over there are very kind, always wave their hands to greet with foreign visitors.  Instead of taking pictures for the scenery I took a lot of pictures of people, especially the children.


On my way back to Taiwan, I watched the Singapore airline in-flight movie “Pride and Prejudice” again.  New York Times commented it a sumptuous screen adaptation of Jane Austen’s 1813 novel.  I was deeply attracted by the conversation of Mr. Darcy (the Pride) and Miss Elizabeth Bennet (the Prejudice).  Often time we are unconsciously ‘proud’ to disguise ourselves or unconsciously ‘prejudice’ while judging other people, aren't we?


David W. S. Liu


From Colombo 30 degrees to 13 degrees in Taipei


February 5, 2006 at Chinese New Year – the year of dog


第一天       台北一新加坡--可倫坡   SQ871  1410/1830  SQ468  2240/0015+1



第二天      可倫坡一幼象養育院阿奴拉德普勒


早餐後前往參觀幼象養育院,在此您將可看見工作人員餵食幼象情景,小象可愛的模樣,令人憐愛。午餐後前往斯里蘭卡最古老的城市-阿奴拉德普勒。此一歷史久遠的城市,數度是烽火戰場,也是幾位國王在此定都所在,斯國的佛教文化,辛哈里人的史蹟,皆以此為中心。抵達後前往世界現存最古老的




菩提樹—斯里摩柯菩提樹,«黃銅宮,奉祀釋迦摩尼靈骨的◎圖帕拉馬佛塔,及斯里蘭卡最大佛塔—◎傑塔瓦納拉馬佛塔等,令人緬懷佛教在斯國留下的遺跡。以藍色的天空為背景。



第三天        阿奴拉德普勒-波羅那魯—希吉利亞-肯達拉瑪


今日前往斯里蘭卡第二大古城-«波羅那魯娃,是1112世紀新哈理王朝的首都。此地仍保存許多古文明的宮殿、佛塔、巨大石壁佛像、浮雕壁畫等古蹟。是佛教藝術發揮極至的城市,所到之處令您嘆為觀止,
午餐後前往石城
«希吉利亞,它的原名辛哈基利,其意就是獅子之岩。參觀這座西元五世紀的古城建在200公尺高的花崗岩峰上。遊客尋石階攀登而上,參觀著名的半身赤裸仕女石壁畫以及金黃色的鏡牆,還有未完成的巨大石砌獅爪古蹟與峰頂上的水上庭園城堡。隨後前往位於可倫坡東北約150公里-肯達拉瑪,夜宿於此。






第四天   丹不拉一坎迪


今日前往參觀«丹不拉岩石神殿,這裡最值得遊覽的地方是在公園前一世紀帕拉克馬巴胡大帝時代所建的石窟。丹不拉是世界遺跡更是斯里蘭卡最令人印象深刻之石窟神殿,此為斯里蘭卡考古學上的寶藏。內有五個洞穴超過二千平方公尺,是目前所發現最大的壁畫及天花板畫石窟。內有一百五十尊佛陀畫像刻於岩石上,兩千年歷史的佛教古蹟,讓您大開眼界隨後。





隨後前往參觀


«香料園,介紹各種不同的香料樹種及其用途,並前往位於中央山區,標高600公尺的斯國第二大城一坎迪,這座城四周群山環繞、重疊不窮、植被蔥翠、風光秀麗,也是斯里蘭卡著名的旅遊勝地。並於坎迪市區觀光,遊覽市區名勝、市集、«手工藝中心,坎迪是錫蘭王朝最後的古都,也是世界文化遺址。此地最值得遊覽的是達拉達一瑪莉卡瓦«「佛牙寺」,寺裡供奉著「釋迦牟尼佛」的牙齒。傍晚安排參觀精彩的«錫蘭傳統民族舞蹈表演。





第五天  坎迪一肯塔波拉


上午遊覽斯里蘭卡最大的«植物園,也是世界上有名的植物園之一,佔地約60多公頃,原屬於『憎伽羅王朝』的皇家公園。並於英國殖民地時期擴建至目前規模,內有許多奇珍異草。隨後前往著名的◎錫蘭紅茶產區了解錫蘭紅茶的製造過程並品嚐高級的新鮮紅茶,隨後前往有小英倫之稱的努娃娜耶莉雅此地以斯里蘭卡最高山碧杜魯塔拉卡加山及山區渡假勝地聞名並且是頂級錫蘭紅茶生產重要城市。隨後前往肯塔波拉旅館住宿體驗山區之情境。






第六天 肯塔波拉-庫魯塔拉-亨加拉


    早餐後前往◎奇吐加拉KITUGALA此地為著名經典名片『桂河大橋』拍攝地點,您可觀賞著名的風景,隨後前往參觀著名的◎ST.CLARE’S AND DEVON瀑布美景,午餐後經庫魯塔拉前往海濱渡假勝地-亨加拉









第七天  亨加拉-可倫坡


>
午後返回可倫坡展開市區觀光,可倫坡是一個小小的半島,它一面倚山,三面環海,熱帶的椰風蕉雨把市區點綴得非常富有詩情畫意。其中辛那蒙肉桂花園區,此處是繁榮的區域,在此有令人留下深刻的印象的◎白色市政廳、◎獨立紀念廣場、◎百年鐘塔、造型奇特的«印度廟及著名«佛寺等,還有因舉辦亞非同盟高峰會議而聞名的◎班達拉奈克國際會議中心,晚餐後前往飯店盥洗稍事休息後,帶著依依不捨的心情揮別斯里蘭卡,前往機場轉往新加坡。 


               





****************************


Travel 趴趴走


 David 帶你 環遊世界 行遍天下」by


1. You can purchase this new book from 北中南 book stores at


     誠品書店, ... major book stores


2. MSRP (Market Suggest Retail Price) at NT$250 per book


3. Author 劉偉澍 David W. S. Liu 


4. Publisher 獨家 岀版社


5. Start to sell in October 2005; 十月新書上架


Your assistance on this will be highly appreciated.  Thanks.


Some friends told me that they cannot find my book at the book stores. I checked the PChome Google internet and found out following internet book stores do have my books available.  You can check with Google searching machine if you do need one. Have a nice day.


         搜主義網路複合式書店


         國立台北科技大學網路書店


         新學友bookstore Travel趴趴走


         http://www.books.com.tw/


         博客來網路書店


** 20% discount special offer for internet book shopping at NT$198 per book.


 






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